Parallel and Distributed Programming Using C++ provides an
up-close look at how to build software that can take advantage of multiprocessor
computers. Simple approaches for programming parallel virtual machines are
presented, and the basics of cluster application development are explained.
Through an easy-to-understand overview of multithreaded programming, this book
also shows you how to write software components that work together over a
network to solve problems and do work.
Parallel and Distributed Programming Using C++ provides an
architectural approach to parallel programming for computer programmers,
software developers, designers, researchers, and software architects. It will
also be useful for computer science students.
- Demonstrates how agents and blackboards can be used to make parallel
programming easier
- Shows object-oriented approaches to multitasking and multithreading
- Demonstrates how the UML is used to document designs that require parallel
or distributed programming
- Contains the new POSIX/UNIX IEEE Standard for the Pthreads library
Table of Contents
Preface.
1. The Joys of Concurrent Programming.
What is Concurrency? The Benefits of Parallel
Programming. The Benefits of Distributed Programming. The Minimal Effort
Required. The Basic Layers of Software Concurrency. No Keyword Support for
Parallelism in C++. Programming Environments for Parallel and Distributed
Programming. Summary—Toward Concurrency.
2. The Challenges of Parallel and Distributed Programming.
The Big Paradigm Shift. Coordination Challenges.
Sometimes Hardware Fails and Software Quits. Too Much Parallelization or
Distribution Can Have Negative Consequences. Selecting a Good Architecture
Requires Research. Different Techniques for Testing and Debugging are Required.
The Parallel or Distributed Design Must Be Communicated. Summary.
3. Dividing C++ Programs into Multiple Tasks.
Process: A Definition. Anatomy of a Process.
Process States. Process Scheduling. Context Switching. Creating a Process.
Terminating a Process. Process Resources. What are Asynchronous and Synchronous
Processes? Dividing the Program into Tasks. Summary.
4. Dividing C++ Programs into Multiple Threads.
Threads: A Definition. The Anatomy of a Thread.
Thread Scheduling. Thread Resources. Thread Models. Introduction to the Pthread
Library. The Anatomy of a Simple Threaded Program. Creating Threads. Managing
Threads. Thread Safety and Libraries. Dividing Your Program into Multiple
Threads. Summary.
5. Synchronizing Concurrency between Tasks.
Coordinating Order of Execution. Synchronizing
Access to Data. What are Semaphores? Synchronization: An Object-Oriented
Approach. Summary.
6. Adding Parallel Programming Capabilities to C++ through the
PVM.
The Classic Parallelism Models Supported by PVM.
The PVM Library for C++. The Basic Mechanics of the PVM. Accessing Standard
Input (stdin) and Standard Output (stdout) within PVM Tasks. Summary.
7. Error Handling, Exceptions, and Software Reliability.
What is Software Reliability? Failures in
Software Layers and Hardware Components. Definitions of Defects Depend on
Software Specifications. Recognizing Where to Handle Defects versus Where to
Handle Exceptions. Software Reliability: A Simple Plan. Using Map Objects in
Error Handling. Exception Handling Mechanisms in C++. Event Diagrams, Logic
Expressions, and Logic Diagrams. Summary.
8. Distributed Object-Oriented Programming in C++.
Decomposition and Encapsulation of the Work.
Accessing Objects in Other Address Spaces. The Anatomy of a Basic CORBA
Consumer. The Anatomy of a CORBA Producer. The Basic Blueprint of a CORBA
Application. The Naming Service. A Closer Look at Object Adapters.
Implementation and Interface Repositories. Simple Distributed Web Services Using
CORBA. The Trading Service. The Client/Server Paradigm. Summary.
9. SPMD and MPMD Using Templates and the MPI.
Work Breakdown Structure for the MPI. Using
Template Functions to Represent MPI Tasks. Simplifying MPI Communications.
Summary.
10. Visualizing Concurrent and Distributed System Design.
Visualizing Structures. Visualizing Concurrent
Behavior. Visualizing the Whole System. Summary.
11. Designing Components That Support Concurrency.
Taking Advantage of Interface Classes. A Closer
Look at Object-Oriented Mutual Exclusion and Interface Classes. Maintaining the
Stream Metaphor. User-Defined Classes Designed to Work with PVM Streams.
Object-Oriented Pipes and fifos as Low-Level Building Blocks. Framework Classes
Components for Concurrency. Summary.
12. Implementing Agent-Oriented Architectures.
What are Agents? What is Agent-Oriented
Programming? Basic Agent Components. Implementing Agents in C++. Multiagent
Systems. Summary.
13. Blackboard Architectures Using PVM, Threads, And C++
Components.
The Blackboard Model. Approaches to Structuring
the Blackboard. The Anatomy of a Knowledge Source. The Control Strategies for
Blackboards. Implementing the Blackboard Using CORBA Objects. Implementing the
Blackboard Using Global Objects. Activating Knowledge Sources Using Pthreads.
Summary.
Appendix A.
Class and Object Diagrams. Interaction Diagrams.
State Diagrams. Package Diagrams.
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