The two world wars had a profound effect on institutions, and literature was not left out. Innovative writers have attacked myths and classical realism by parodying them.The foundations of the novelistic narrative, if they do not disappear, reappear like a palimpsest in the New Novel.This enigmatic dynamic takes on the appearance of a literary myth, nostalgic for the original that underpins it, in the manner of an anamnesis. And the myths of the past, despite their persistence, can no longer find solutions to the problems of humanity. The result is a new realism that breaks away from the classical style, which is considered ideologically charged and too static in the face of the changing world.The emerging realism transcends established boundaries: it is elastic, reversible and more dynamic.Thus the intersection of myth and realism - mythological realism - revitalizes literary art. Through a critical study of literary theories and their practical application to the chosen corpus, this handbook helps teachers, researchers, literary critics and students to better understand the mysteries of myth, literary myth and new realism.