The book comprises several chapters on various aspects of the application of fungi describing the antibacterial, antifungal, and antitumor compounds from endophytic fungi, and modulation of fungal secondary metabolites and biosynthesis by chemical epigenetics. Antiviral polysaccharides from higher fungi, uses of thermophilic fungi, and the medicinal value of wood rotting fungi as well as topics of wider interest such as nanoparticles and nutritional aspects of higher fungi are covered. Strategies for the management of rice and soybean pathogens are clarified.