The production of biofuels and biochemicals from renewable bio-resources is a positive step towards a clean-energy future, but the problem with utilizing these living organisms is low productivity caused by slow growth rate, a problem which must be overcome for the viability of next-generation biofuel production. These organisms have metabolic regulation mechanisms for energy generation and biomass formation, and it is necessary to understand these for sustainable biofuel and biochemical production. This comprehensive book will explicate basic cellular metabolism, metabolic regulation mechanisms, and metabolic engineering for efficient biofuel and biochemical production.