Thinking in Bets | 拾書所

Thinking in Bets

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In Super Bowl XLIX, Seahawks coach Pete Carroll made one of the most controversial calls in football history: With 26 seconds remaining, and trailing by four at the Patriots' one-yard line, he called for a pass instead of a hand off to his star running back. The pass was intercepted and the Seahawks lost. Critics called it the dumbest play in history. But was the call really that bad? Or did Carroll actually make a great move that was ruined by bad luck?

Even the best decision doesn't yield the best outcome every time. There's always an element of luck that you can't control, and there is always information that is hidden from view. So the key to long-term success (and avoiding worrying yourself to death) is to think in bets: How sure am I? What are the possible ways things could turn out? What decision has the highest odds of success? Did I land in the unlucky 10% on the strategy that works 90% of the time? Or is my success attributable to dumb luck rather than great decision making?

Annie Duke, a former World Series of Poker champion turned business consultant, draws on examples from business, sports, politics, and (of course) poker to share tools anyone can use to embrace uncertainty and make better decisions. For most people, it's difficult to say "I'm not sure" in a world that values and, even, rewards the appearance of certainty. But professional poker players are comfortable with the fact that great decisions don't always lead to great outcomes and bad decisions don't always lead to bad outcomes.

By shifting your thinking from a need for certainty to a goal of accurately assessing what you know and what you don't, you'll be less vulnerable to reactive emotions, knee-jerk biases, and destructive habits in your decision making. You'll become more confident, calm, compassionate and successful in the long run.

 

在第四十九届超级盃比賽中,海鷹 (Seahawks) 隊總教練皮特·卡羅爾 (Pete Carroll) 做了一個在足球史上最有爭議的一次進攻決定:在剩下26秒落後4分,海鷹隊在愛國者 (Patriots) 隊的一碼線上持球,他下達傳球卻不是傳給隊上明星跑鋒。結果傳球被攔截,海鷹隊輸球。球評稱這是史上最愚蠢的比賽。但這個決定真的那麼糟糕嗎?或者卡羅爾真的只是做出了一個時運不濟的重大決定?
 
即使是最好的決定也不會每次都產生最好的結果。凡事總是存在一個無法控制的運氣元素,並且有些信息總是隱藏在你的視野之外。因此,長期成功的關鍵(避免讓自己過度擔心)就是在下注時思考:我有多確定?事情可能會變成什麼樣的方式?什麼決定成功率最高?我是否在不幸的10%中找到了90%有效率的策略?或者我的成功歸功於愚蠢的運氣而不是偉大的決策?
 
前世界撲克大賽 (World Series of Poker) 冠軍安妮·杜克 (Annie Duke) 轉為商業顧問,她利用商業、體育、政治和(當然)撲克的例子來分享一個觀念: 任何人可以用來接受不確定性和做出更好決策的工具。對於大多數人來說,在一個重視並且甚至獎勵確定性的世界中,很難說出口「我不確定」。但是職業撲克玩家對於以下這樣一個事實感到滿意:偉大的決策並不一定帶來巨大的成果;糟糕的決策並不總是導致悲慘的後果。

通過將思維從對確定性的需求轉移到準確評估您所瞭解和不知道的內容的目標,您將在決策中較不容易受到反應性情緒、下意識偏見和破壞性習慣的影響。從長遠來看,你會變得更加自信、冷靜、富有同情心和成功。

(譯者/劉世明)

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