The Molecule of More 欲望分子多巴胺 | 拾書所

The Molecule of More 欲望分子多巴胺

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The answer is found in a single chemical in your brain: dopamine. Dopamine ensured the survival of early man. Thousands of years later, it is the source of our most basic behaviors and cultural ideas-and progress itself.

Dopamine is the chemical of desire that always asks for more-more stuff, more stimulation, and more surprises. In pursuit of these things, it is undeterred by emotion, fear, or morality. Dopamine is the source of our every urge, that little bit of biology that makes an ambitious business professional sacrifice everything in pursuit of success, or that drives a satisfied spouse to risk it all for the thrill of someone new. Simply put, it is why we seek and succeed; it is why we discover and prosper. Yet, at the same time, it's why we gamble and squander.

From dopamine's point of view, it's not the having that matters. It's getting something-anything-that's new. From this understanding-the difference between possessing something versus anticipating it-we can understand in a revolutionary new way why we behave as we do in love, business, addiction, politics, religion-and we can even predict those behaviors in ourselves and others.

In The Molecule of More: How a Single Chemical in Your Brain Drives Love, Sex, and Creativity-and will Determine the Fate of the Human Race, George Washington University professor and psychiatrist Daniel Z. Lieberman, MD, and Georgetown University lecturer Michael E. Long present a potentially life-changing proposal: Much of human life has an unconsidered component that explains an array of behaviors previously thought to be unrelated, including why winners cheat, why geniuses often suffer with mental illness, why nearly all diets fail, and why the brains of liberals and conservatives really are different.

 

答案就在你大腦中的一種化學物質:多巴胺。多巴胺確保了早期人類的生存。幾千年後,它是我們最基本的行為和文化理念--也是人類進步的泉源。
 
多巴胺是慾望的化學物質,它總是要求更多--更多的東西、更多的刺激和更多的驚喜。在追求這些事物的過程中,它不會受到情緒、恐懼或道德的阻礙。多巴胺是我們每一次衝動的泉源,此一生物特性讓雄心勃勃的商業人士為了追求成功願意犧牲一切,或者讓心滿意足的已婚人士為了新的對象冒險出軌。簡言之,它是我們追尋以及成功的驅動力;也是我們探索和昌盛的原因。不過它同時也是我們為什麼會賭博和揮霍的原因。
 
從多巴胺的角度來看,重點並非在於擁有,而是我們能擄獲任何新鮮的事物。從這種理解來看--擁有某種東西與期待能得到它的區別--我們可以以一種創新的角度理解為什麼我們在愛情、商業、成癮、政治、宗教中會出現某些行為--我們甚至能預測我們自己和他人的那些行為。
 
在《欲望分子多巴胺:帶來墮落與貪婪、同時激發創意和衝動的賀爾蒙,如何支配人類的情緒、行為及命運》一書中,喬治華盛頓大學教授兼精神病學家丹尼爾•利伯曼醫學博士和喬治城大學講師麥可•隆提出了一個可能改變我們一生的提議:人類生活的大部分內容都有一個未被考量過的組成元素,它解釋了許多以前我們認為不相關的行為,包括獲勝者會去作弊,天才常患有精神疾病,幾乎節食的努力都註定要失敗,以及為什麼自由派和保守派的想法會南轅北轍等等。

(譯者/文謙益)

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